Muchina uyu unounganidza ruzivo nezvetembiricha kubva kwaunobva uye woashandura kuita fomu rinogona kunzwisiswa nemimwe michina kana vanhu.Muenzaniso wakanakisa we sensor tembiricha igirazi mercury thermometer, iyo inowedzera uye inobvumirana sezvo tembiricha inochinja.Kupisa kwekunze ndiko kunobva kuyerwa kwetembiricha, uye mucherechedzi anotarisa pamire mecury kuti ayere tembiricha.Kune maviri akakosha marudzi ematembiricha sensors:
· Bata sensor
Rudzi urwu rwe sensor inoda kutarisana chaiko nechinhu chinonzwa kana svikiro.Ivo vanogona kutarisa tembiricha yezvakaoma, zvinwiwa uye magasi pamusoro pehupamhi hwekushisa.
· Isiri-yekubata sensor
Rudzi urwu rwe sensor harudi chero kubatwa kwenyama nechinhu kana svikiro ririkuonekwa.Ivo vanotarisisa zvisina-reflective solids uye zvinwiwa, asi hazvibatsiri kurwisa magasi nekuda kwekujeka kwavo kwechisikigo.Masensa aya anoyera tembiricha achishandisa mutemo wePlack.Mutemo unobata nekupisa kunobva panzvimbo yekupisa kuyera tembiricha.
Maitiro ekushanda uye mienzaniso yemhando dzakasiyana dzetembiricha sensors:
(i) Thermocouples - Iwo anoumbwa newaya mbiri (imwe neimwe yeyakasiyana yunifomu alloy kana simbi) ichigadzira yekuyeresa yekubatanidza nekubatanidza kune imwe mugumo yakavhurika kune chinhu chiri pasi pekuyedzwa.Imwe mugumo wewaya inobatanidzwa kune yekuyeresa mudziyo, uko kunotaridzwa makungano kunoumbwa.Sezvo tembiricha yemanodhi maviri ichisiyana, ikozvino inoyerera nepakati pedunhu uye mamilivolti anobuda anoyerwa kuona tembiricha yenodhi.
(ii) Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDS) - Aya ndiwo anodzivirira kupisa anogadzirwa kuti achinje kupikisa sezvo tembiricha inoshanduka, uye inodhura kupfuura chero mimwe michina yekuona tembiricha.
(iii)Thermistors- ndiwo mamwe marudzi ekupikisa apo kuchinja kukuru mukupikisa kunoenderana kana kupesana nekuchinja kuduku kwekushisa.
(2) Infrared sensor
Mudziyo uyu unoburitsa kana kuona mwaranzi ye infrared kuti unzwe zvikamu zvakatipoteredza.Kazhinji, mwaranzi yekupisa inoburitswa nezvinhu zvese mu infrared spectrum, uye infrared sensors inoona iyi mwaranzi isingaonekwe neziso remunhu.
· Zvakanakira
Zviri nyore kubatana, inowanikwa pamusika.
· Zvakaipa
Kuvhiringwa neruzha rwakapoteredza, senge radiation, ambient light, nezvimwe.
Mashandiro azvinoita:
Pfungwa huru ndeye kushandisa infrared light-emitting diodes kuburitsa infrared light kuzvinhu.Imwe infrared diode yemhando imwechete ichashandiswa kuona masaisai anoratidzwa nezvinhu.
Kana iyo infrared inogamuchira yakavhenekerwa nemwenje infrared, pane voltage musiyano pawaya.Sezvo magetsi anogadzirwa ari diki uye akaoma kuona, inoshanda amplifier (op amp) inoshandiswa kunyatso kuona yakaderera voltages.
(3) Ultraviolet sensor
Aya masensa anoyera kusimba kana simba rechiitiko ultraviolet chiedza.Iyi mwaranzi yemagetsi ine wavelength kureba kupfuura X-ray, asi ichiri ipfupi pane inooneka chiedza.Chinhu chinoshanda chinonzi polycrystalline diamond chiri kushandiswa kune yakavimbika ultraviolet sensing, iyo inogona kuona kwezvakatipoteredza kuratidzwa kune ultraviolet mwaranzi.
Maitiro ekusarudza UV sensors
Wavelength renji inogona kuwonekwa neUV sensor (nanometer)
· Kushanda tembiricha
· Kururama
· Huremu
· Simba remhando
Mashandiro azvinoita:
Uv sensors inogamuchira imwe mhando yechiratidzo chesimba uye inotumira imwe mhando yesimba chiratidzo.
Kuti utarise uye urekodhe aya masaini ekubuda, anotungamirwa kune mita yemagetsi.Kugadzira magiraidhi nemishumo, chiratidzo chinobuda chinotumirwa kune analog-to-digital converter (ADC) uyezve kumakombuta kuburikidza nesoftware.
Applications:
* Pisa chikamu cheUV spectrum chinopisa ganda nezuva
· Pharmacy
· Mota
· Robhoti
· Solvent kurapwa uye dhayi nzira yekudhinda nekudhaya indasitiri
Indasitiri yemakemikari yekugadzira, kuchengetedza uye kutakura kwemakemikari
(4) Bata sensor
Iyo yekubata sensor inoita seyachinjika resistor zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekubata.Dhiagiramu yekubata sensor inoshanda seyachinjika resistor.
Iyo touch sensor ine zvinotevera zvikamu:
· Inonyatso conductive zvinhu, semhangura
· Insulating spacer zvinhu, senge furo kana plastiki
· Chikamu chezvinhu conductive
Nheyo uye basa:
Zvimwe zvinhu conductive zvinopikisa kuyerera kwezvino.Nheyo huru yemutsara wenzvimbo sensors ndeyokuti kureba kwehurefu hwezvinhu izvo zvazvino zvinofanirwa kupfuura, zvakanyanya kuyerera kwazvino kunodzoserwa kumashure.Nekuda kweizvozvo, kushorwa kwechinhu chinoshanduka nekushandura nzvimbo yayo yekusangana neyakakwana conductive material.
Kazhinji, iyo software yakabatana nekubata sensor.Muchiitiko ichi, chiyeuchidzo chinopihwa nesoftware.Kana masensa akadzimwa, anogona kurangarira "nzvimbo yekupedzisira kuonana."Kana iyo sensor ichinge yaitwa, vanogona kuyeuka "yekutanga kuonana chinzvimbo" uye kunzwisisa ese kukosha kwakabatana nayo.Chiito ichi chakafanana nekufambisa mbeva nekuimisa kune imwe mugumo wemouse pad kuitira kufambisa chitubu kusvika kumagumo echidzitiro.
Shandisa
Bata sensors inodhura-inoshanda uye yakasimba, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya
Bhizinesi - hutano hwehutano, kutengesa, kusimba uye kutamba
· Midziyo – hovhoni, washer/ dryer, dishwasher, firiji
Kufambisa - Kudzora kwakareruka pakati pekugadzira cockpit nevagadziri vemotokari
· Liquid level sensor
Indasitiri otomatiki - chinzvimbo uye nhanho inonzwa, bhuku rekubata kutonga mune otomatiki maapplication
Consumer electronics - kupa mazinga matsva ekunzwa uye kutonga mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa zvevatengi
Proximity sensors inoona kuvepo kwezvinhu zvisina kana chero nzvimbo dzekusangana.Nokuti hapana kushamwaridzana pakati pe sensor uye chinhu chiri kuyerwa, uye nekuda kwekushayikwa kwezvikamu zvemakina, idzi sensors dzine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya.Mhando dzakasiyana dzepadhuze sensors inductive proximity sensors, capacitive proximity sensors, ultrasonic proximity sensors, photoelectric sensors, Hall effect sensors uye zvichingodaro.
Mashandiro azvinoita:
Iyo yepedyo sensor inoburitsa electromagnetic kana electrostatic munda kana danda remagetsi emagetsi (senge infrared) uye inomirira chiratidzo chekudzoka kana shanduko mumunda, uye chinhu chirikunzwa chinodaidzwa kunzi chinangwa chepedyo sensor.
Inductive proximity sensors - vane oscillator seyekupinza inoshandura kurasikirwa kwekuramba nekusvika kune inoitisa svikiro.Aya ma sensors ndiwo anofarirwa simbi anonangwa.
Capacitive proximity sensors - anoshandura shanduko mu electrostatic capacitance pamativi ese emagetsi ekuona uye electrode yakadzika.Izvi zvinoitika nekuswedera kune zvinhu zviri pedyo nekuchinja kwe oscillation frequency.Kuti uone zvibodzwa zviri pedyo, iyo oscillation frequency inoshandurwa kuita DC voltage uye ichienzaniswa neyakatemerwa chikumbaridzo.Aya ma sensors ndiyo yekutanga sarudzo yezvinangwa zvepurasitiki.
Shandisa
· Inoshandiswa mune otomatiki engineering kutsanangura mamiriro ekushanda einjiniya michina, masisitimu ekugadzira uye otomatiki michina
Inoshandiswa pahwindo kumutsa yambiro kana hwindo ravhurwa
· Inoshandiswa kune mechanic vibration yekutarisa kuverenga mutsauko wedaro pakati peshaft uye kutsigira kubereka
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-03-2023